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                <text>Cross Grainger experiments "Sea Song" Sketch with 3 Solovoxes played by Pianola roll</text>
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                <text>Free Music</text>
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                <text>Percy Aldridge Grainger</text>
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                <text>1950</text>
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                <text>Copyright Grainger Estate</text>
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                <text>Tribute to Foster, Score for mixed chorus, 7 February 1931</text>
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                <text>This heavily annotated cover of the singers’ parts for Tribute to Foster demonstrate the complexity of the performance arrangements, which included three conductors harnessing three sets of musicians, often playing to a different beat. </text>
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                <text>Percy Aldridge Grainger (composer)&#13;
G. Schirmer, Inc., New York (publisher)&#13;
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                <text>SL1 MG3:94-2 </text>
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                <text>Eastern Intermezzo for tuneful percussion, Metal Marimba &amp; Tubular Chimes part, 1898/99, 1933</text>
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                <text>Grainger first saw Indonesian instruments, including a Balinese gong, at the home of a wealthy collector in England. In 1912, while on tour in Europe, he was captivated by the Indonesian percussion instruments he saw in the National Museum of Ethnology, Leiden. &#13;
&#13;
Grainger first heard non-Western music in Chinatown in central Melbourne when he was a child. One of his earliest compositions, Eastern Intermezzo, written for small orchestra in 1898/89, was an attempt to capture this exotic sound. In 1933 Grainger arranged Eastern Intermezzo for a ‘tuneful percussion’ group of over 20 players. It was broadcast as a musical illustration during Grainger’s ABC Radio Lecture No.11, ‘Tuneful Percussion’, in January 1935, thus introducing the range and possibilities of the exclusively percussive ensemble to an Australian radio audience.&#13;
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                <text>Percy Aldridge Grainger (composer)</text>
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                <text>MG3/18-2:1</text>
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                <text>‘No. 3 Pastoral’, from In a Nutshell Suite, part for Staff Bells, 1908-1916</text>
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                <text>In a Nutshell Suite was first performed at the Norfolk Festival of Music, Connecticut, USA, on 9 June 1916. This suite contains some of Grainger’s best scoring for ‘tuneful percussion’. Grainger was unusually prescriptive about the type of mallets (or ‘beaters’) performers were to use, indicating ‘hard’ (‘wood or rubber mallets’), ‘medium’ (‘wooden mallets thinly covered with wool or leather’) and ‘soft’ (‘wooden mallets thickly covered with wool or other soft material’) at different points in different instruments. This was to ensure distinct and varied tonalities.&#13;
&#13;
When performed in New York in 1917, after a season of performances across major cities in North America, In a Nutshell Suite was described by one critic as “the most interesting musical novelty of the season, with audiences everywhere ‘delighted by its vivacious tunefulness and astounded at its audacious novel features”. Some critics were more cautious. One suggested that Grainger was “excercising his sense of humour” with music consisting of “discordant shriekings punctuated by rhythmical whacks”. A St Louis newspaper described the performance of the Suite as “the last cry in vaudeville”.&#13;
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                <text>Percy Aldridge Grainger (composer)</text>
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                <text>SLI MG 3/41-2-2:19</text>
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                <text>‘Norse Dirge’, from Youthful Suite, parts for Musical glasses, wooden marimba, metal marimba or vibraharp, 1945</text>
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                <text>Ten players were required to perform the percussion parts for ‘Norse Dirge’, across the variety of instruments, including some of the musical glasses (seen in the display case). Unlike in Tribute to Foster, where the choir played the musical glasses and string players bowed the metal marimba bars, in ‘Norse Dirge’ the players of the percussion section are responsible for all of these elements. </text>
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                <text>Percy Aldridge Grainger (composer)</text>
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                <text>Tribute to Foster, part for mixed chorus, 7 February 1931</text>
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                <text>Audiences were fascinated and amused and sometimes bemused by the novelty and adventurous nature of Grainger’s orchestration in performances of his radical compositions. The Brisbane Courier-Mail observed, after a concert in October 1934, how “Novelties and humour intrigued the audience...but whether it all commended itself to the auditors is another matter. One sensed that the reactions were not always of the utmost pleasure, but...there was not a little that could be enjoyed for its own intrinsic merit or sheer beauty.” Tribute to Foster provided some light relief, the newspaper noting, “it was a felicitous experience to hear the soloists and a large choral group from the Brisbane Austral Choir, with the utmost seriousness of purpose, uniting in this example of modern choral music. Those who are ordinarily to be seen in public performance comporting themselves as earnest musicians engrossed in conventional music, on this occasion cheerfully devoted themselves to weird and wonderful effects ...”</text>
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                <text>Designs for Staff Bells, c. 1916</text>
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                <text>Percy Aldridge Grainger (instrument designer)</text>
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                <text>c. 1916</text>
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                <text>Notes for letter to J. C. Deagan regarding instrument design, 30 March 1916 </text>
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                <text>2016/13-11</text>
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                <text>Music. A Commonsense View of all Types. A synopsis of lectures delivered for the Australian Broadcasting Commission, 1934</text>
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                <text>Grainger took his role as educator about music in the general community very seriously, and exploited the opportunities afforded by radio broadcasting. While in Australia and New Zealand in the 1930s, he delivered a series of lectures for the ABC, accompanied by music, some of which he wrote specifically for the context. The first lecture, entitled ‘The Universalist Attitude Towards Music’ shared his philosophy that we should “approach all the world’s available music with an open mind...we should be willing, even eager, to hear everything we can of all kinds of music, from whatever quarter and whatever era, in order that me may find out from experience whether or not it carries any spiritual message for us as individuals”. Grainger devoted an entire lecture to tuned percussion. </text>
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                <text>Percy Aldridge Grainger (writer)&#13;
Australian Broadcasting Commission (publisher)&#13;
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                <text>03.2030</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Sliding Pipe Free Music Invention</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>Free Music</text>
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                <text>Masonite, wire, string, tape&#13;
&#13;
This invention was Grainger's first attempt at constructing an instrument which could glide smoothly from one tone to the next and which was controlled by a 'musical score' rather than a player. The sound was produced by two swanee whistles or 'Sliding Pipes' as Grainger referred to them. The whistles' pitch was altered by moving the 'musical score' - the horizontal wave cut from cardboard - past the whistles' plunge (or piston). The wave then moved the plunge up or down in accordance with the score, creating smooth gliding tones. Burnett Cross suggested that Grainger try positioning the instrument upright, so gravity would work in its favour. This led to further experiments such as the Kangaroo Pouch Free Music Machine with its upright columns.&#13;
&#13;
An accomplished visual artist and highly analytical thinker, Grainger documented his Free Music experiments extensively and in great detail. The illustrations themselves show an innovative approach to documentary practice, inhabiting a middle ground between scientific accounts and aesthetically rewarding artwork. These documents reflect his desire to make ‘pretty machines’ that were at once both visually exciting and mechanically functional.&#13;
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                <text>Percy Aldridge Grainger and Burnett Cross</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1946</text>
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